Understanding Pes Cavus
High-arched feet, medically known as pes cavus, are a foot condition characterized by an abnormally elevated arch. This structural anomaly leads to uneven weight distribution across the foot, with increased pressure on the heel and ball of the foot. Unlike flat feet, high arches do not flatten when bearing weight, often resulting in discomfort, instability, and a higher risk of injury.
At Gotham Footcare, we specialize in diagnosing and managing high-arched feet with customized treatment plans designed to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life.
Hereditary Factors
Many cases of high-arched feet are genetic, meaning they run in families and are not related to injury or disease.
Neurological Conditions
Neurological disorders such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, cerebral palsy, or stroke can cause muscle imbalances, leading to high arches.
Trauma or Injury
Past injuries, such as fractures or nerve damage, can disrupt the normal structure of the foot, resulting in a high-arched appearance.
Muscle and Tendon Imbalances
Overactive or tight muscles in the foot can elevate the arch. This is often associated with underlying neurological or muscular conditions.
Underlying Medical Conditions
Chronic diseases such as polio or spina bifida may also contribute to the development of high arches.
Localized Pain
High arches can cause pain in the heel, ball of the foot, or arch, particularly during walking or standing for long periods.
Instability
People with high-arched feet often experience ankle instability, which increases the risk of sprains or falls.
Toe Deformities
Hammertoes and claw toes are common in individuals with high arches due to increased pressure and altered toe alignment.
Calluses and Corns
Uneven weight distribution often leads to the development of calluses or corns on the ball and heel of the foot.
Difficulty Wearing Shoes
High-arched feet can make finding comfortable footwear challenging, especially shoes designed for average foot shapes.
Fatigue and Weakness
The added strain on the muscles and ligaments of the foot can lead to fatigue and a feeling of weakness.
How Gotham Footcare Can Help
Detailed Physical Examination
Our podiatrists will evaluate your foot structure, gait, and range of motion during a comprehensive examination.
Discussion of Symptoms and History
We will review your medical history, symptoms, and any previous injuries or conditions that may have contributed to the development of high arches.
Advanced Imaging Tests
X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs may be used to assess the bones, joints, and soft tissues of the foot for an accurate diagnosis.
Managing Pes Cavus Symptoms at Home
Orthotic Inserts
Using over-the-counter or custom orthotics can provide additional arch support and help distribute pressure evenly.
Supportive Footwear
Choose shoes with adequate cushioning, a wide toe box, and strong arch support to reduce discomfort.
Stretching Exercises
Regular stretching of the calf muscles, plantar fascia, and Achilles tendon can improve flexibility and relieve tension.
Toe and Foot Strengthening
Exercises such as toe curls and towel scrunches can strengthen the muscles in your feet and improve balance.
Icing and Rest
Applying ice to sore areas and avoiding high-impact activities can help reduce inflammation and prevent exacerbation of symptoms.
Comprehensive Care for Lasting Relief
Custom Orthotics
Orthotics tailored to your foot shape provide optimal support, relieve pain, and correct alignment issues.
Physical Therapy
Targeted exercises and stretches can strengthen the muscles and improve foot mechanics, reducing pain and instability.
Bracing or Splints
Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) may be recommended to enhance stability and prevent ankle injuries.
Corticosteroid Injections
If inflammation is present, corticosteroid injections can provide targeted pain relief.
Shockwave Therapy
This non-invasive treatment uses high-energy sound waves to stimulate healing and reduce pain in the foot’s soft tissues.
Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy
PRP injections promote tissue repair and may help manage chronic pain associated with high-arched feet.
For severe cases where conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical intervention may be necessary. Surgical options include:
Osteotomy
This procedure involves reshaping or repositioning the bones to improve alignment and reduce the height of the arch.
Tendon Transfer
Tendons may be relocated to restore muscle balance and correct deformities.
Joint Fusions
Fusions stabilize the foot by permanently joining certain joints, reducing pain and improving function.
Soft Tissue Surgery
Procedures like plantar fascia release can alleviate tension in the arch and provide relief from pain.
What to Expect During Recovery
Conservative Treatment RecoveryMost patients see improvements within weeks to months when using orthotics, physical therapy, and bracing.
Surgical RecoveryPost-surgical recovery typically takes 6–12 weeks, depending on the procedure, followed by physical therapy to restore strength and mobility.
Tips for Healthy and Stable Feet
Invest in shoes with ample arch support, cushioning, and a firm heel counter to promote stability and comfort.
Custom or prefabricated orthotics can provide ongoing support and prevent complications from high arches.
Routine exercises to stretch and strengthen the feet and lower legs can help maintain proper alignment and flexibility.
If you’re prone to high arches, limit activities like running or jumping on hard surfaces, or alternate them with low-impact exercises like swimming.
Regular foot evaluations can help detect issues early and prevent the progression of high-arched feet.
High arches are often hereditary but can also result from neurological conditions, trauma, or muscle imbalances.
Yes, high arches can cause pain due to uneven weight distribution, leading to strain on the ball and heel of the foot.
A thorough physical exam, medical history review, and imaging tests are used to diagnose high-arched feet.
Yes, many cases can be managed with orthotics, physical therapy, and supportive footwear.
Untreated high arches can lead to complications such as chronic pain, instability, calluses, and deformities like hammertoes or claw toes.
At Gotham Footcare in NYC, we strive at recognizing your individual needs and desired outcomes while formulating an effective and personalized treatment plan with the highest quality care available.
What sets Gotham Footcare apart from other podiatry offices is our dedication to providing you with the education you need to make well-informed decisions regarding your care. Regardless of what your foot and ankle trouble may be, at Gotham Footcare our team will work tirelessly to help you feel better. At Gotham Footcare, we help you put your best foot forward.
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