Common Foot Conditions in Children and How to Spot Them Early Gotham Footcare

Children’s feet are constantly developing, and like the rest of their bodies, they are susceptible to a variety of conditions and problems. While some foot issues in children may be temporary or part of normal growth, others may require medical attention. Early detection and treatment can prevent these conditions from affecting your child’s development and comfort in the long term. In this blog, we will discuss common foot conditions that affect children, how to spot them early, and the importance of addressing them before they become more serious.

1. Flat Feet

What Is It?

Flat feet is one of the most common foot conditions seen in children. It occurs when the arch of the foot doesn’t form properly, causing the entire bottom of the foot to touch the ground when standing.

How to Spot It:

• Look for a lack of an arch in the foot.
• Notice if your child’s feet roll inward or outward while walking.
• If your child often complains of pain in the feet, ankles, or legs, it could be due to flat feet.
• Observe your child’s walking pattern. Flat feet may cause them to walk on the inner edges of their feet.
  

Why It Happens:

Most children are born with flat feet, and the arch typically develops as they grow, usually around the age of 2 or 3. However, in some children, the arch may not fully form. This can be due to factors such as genetics, weakness in foot muscles, or ligament laxity.

Treatment:

While many children grow out of flat feet as their muscles and arches develop, some may require treatment. In more severe cases, custom orthotics, special shoes, or physical therapy may be recommended to strengthen the muscles supporting the arch.

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2. Ingrown Toenails

What Is It?

An ingrown toenail occurs when the edge of the nail grows into the skin, causing pain, swelling, and sometimes infection.

How to Spot It:

• Notice if your child’s toenail has grown into the skin at the corner.
• Look for redness or swelling around the nail.
• If your child complains of pain or tenderness near the nail, especially when wearing shoes, an ingrown toenail may be the culprit.
  

Why It Happens:

Ingrown toenails are often caused by improper nail trimming, where the nails are cut too short or at an angle. Tight shoes or socks that put pressure on the toes can also contribute to the problem.

Treatment:

• Soak the affected foot in warm water to reduce swelling.
• Gently lift the corner of the nail if possible, using a cotton ball or gauze to create space.
• In severe cases or if an infection occurs, a visit to the doctor may be necessary. Sometimes, the toenail may need to be removed or partially removed to prevent recurrence.
  

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3. Sever’s Disease

What Is It?

Sever’s Disease is a common condition among active children, particularly those who play sports that involve running or jumping. It causes heel pain due to inflammation of the growth plate in the heel.

How to Spot It:

• Look for signs of pain or tenderness at the back of the heel.
• Your child may limp or avoid putting pressure on the affected foot.
• Heel pain may worsen after physical activity or exercise.
  

Why It Happens:

Sever’s Disease occurs when the growth plate at the back of the heel becomes inflamed due to repetitive stress or overuse. The growth plate is a soft, cartilage-like area where the bones grow, and it can be sensitive in children who are still growing.

Treatment:

• Rest and limiting physical activity are often the first line of treatment.
• Ice can help reduce swelling and relieve pain.
• Heel pads or inserts in shoes can help cushion the heel and reduce pressure.
• Stretching exercises for the Achilles tendon may be recommended.
• If symptoms persist, a doctor may recommend physical therapy or other treatments.
  

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4. Bunions

What Is It?

A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe, often causing the toe to angle toward the second toe. It’s a painful condition that can cause difficulty walking and wearing shoes.

How to Spot It:

• Look for a bump on the side of the big toe.
• Notice if the big toe is turning toward the second toe, causing misalignment.
• Your child may experience pain when wearing certain shoes or while walking.
  

Why It Happens:

Bunions often develop due to a combination of genetic factors and improper footwear. Tight shoes, especially those with narrow toes, can exacerbate the condition. If your child has a family history of bunions, they may be more prone to developing them.

Treatment:

• Proper footwear with a wide toe box can help alleviate pressure on the bunion.
• Padding or bunion splints may help reduce discomfort.
• In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to correct the alignment of the big toe.
  

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5. Toe Walking

What Is It?

Toe walking occurs when a child walks on their toes rather than placing their feet flat on the ground. While it is common in young children who are learning to walk, it can persist in some cases.

How to Spot It:

• Your child constantly walks on their toes, even after reaching the age when walking normally is expected.
• Notice if your child seems to be struggling with balance or has difficulty with certain activities like running or jumping.
  

Why It Happens:

Toe walking can be due to a variety of reasons, including tightness in the Achilles tendon, sensory processing issues, or developmental delays. In some cases, it may be a habit or a sign of a neurological or muscular condition.

Treatment:

• Physical therapy may help stretch the Achilles tendon and improve gait.
• In some cases, braces or orthotics may be recommended to encourage normal walking patterns.
  If toe walking is related to a neurological or developmental issue, a specialist may need to assess and provide targeted treatment.
  

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6. Flat Feet or Over-Pronation

What Is It?

Over-pronation occurs when the arch of the foot collapses too much during walking or running, causing the foot to roll inward. This can lead to discomfort and poor alignment of the legs and hips.

How to Spot It:

• Watch for signs of your child’s feet rolling inward or outward as they walk or run.
• Look for signs of discomfort, such as your child avoiding physical activity or complaining of knee or hip pain.
• Pay attention to worn-out shoe soles, particularly on the inside edges.
  

Why It Happens:

Over-pronation can occur if the foot lacks proper arch support or if the muscles of the foot are weak. It can also be genetic.

Treatment:

• Orthotic inserts that provide arch support can help reduce the symptoms of over-pronation.
• Proper footwear with adequate support can also alleviate the pressure on the foot.
• Stretching and strengthening exercises may be recommended by a pediatrician or podiatrist.
  

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7. Warts

What Is It?

Warts on the feet, often known as plantar warts, are small, hard growths caused by a viral infection in the skin.

How to Spot It:

• Look for rough, bumpy growths on the soles of your child’s feet.
• Plantar warts often appear in clusters and may be painful when your child stands or walks.
• Your child may experience itching or discomfort in the affected area.
  

Why It Happens:

Warts are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) and can spread through direct contact with contaminated surfaces, such as locker room floors or swimming pools.

Treatment:

• Over-the-counter treatments such as salicylic acid can be used to remove warts.
• Cryotherapy (freezing the wart) or laser therapy may be recommended for stubborn warts.
• In some cases, the wart may need to be surgically removed by a doctor.
  

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Conclusion: The Importance of Early Intervention

Early detection and treatment of foot conditions in children can help prevent long-term issues and ensure that your child remains active and comfortable. While some conditions are minor and resolve on their own, others require medical intervention to avoid complications. If you notice any signs of foot problems in your child, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional who specializes in pediatric podiatry.

If you’re concerned about your child’s foot health, Gotham Footcare is here to help. Our experienced team of specialists can diagnose and treat a wide range of foot conditions in children. Don’t wait—give us a call at (212) 921-7900 to schedule an appointment and take the first step toward healthy feet for your child.